LEVANDO A JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA A SÉRIO

Auteurs-es

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.5935/25.38.2022.11118

Mots-clés :

Justiça Restaurativa, Sistema de Justiça criminal, Crimes, Vítima

Résumé

Aqueles que buscam reduzir o encarceramento em massa têm apontado cada vez mais para a Justiça Restaurativa – uma abordagem que normalmente reúne os afetados por uma ofensa criminal na tentativa de lidar com o dano causado pela ofensa, em vez de punir. Este artigo se propõe a pensar seriamente sobre a incorporação da Justiça Restaurativa em todo o sistema jurídico penal. Para os defensores da Justiça Restaurativa, expandir essas práticas levanta uma série de questões: a oportunidade de aliviar o encarceramento em massa justifica a colaboração com um sistema jurídico criminal profundamente falho? A ameaça de processo criminal destruirá a voluntariedade e a sinceridade essenciais para um processo restaurativo bem-sucedido? A Justiça Restaurativa pode ser usada com sucesso em casos em que a vítima não pode participar ou em casos em que não há vítima identificável, como em delitos de drogas? O processo será cooptado por impulsos burocráticos? Os céticos da Justiça Restaurativa podem se perguntar se a aplicação de uma abordagem restaurativa aos crimes mais graves comprometerá o valor dissuasivo do direito penal e levará a resultados amplamente desproporcionais. Aqueles dentro e fora do movimento perguntarão se a Justiça Restaurativa pode ser implementada de uma forma que proteja os direitos processuais dos réus e seja racialmente equitativa. Exploro as escolhas e compensações que estariam envolvidas na expansão da Justiça Restaurativa para reduzir significativamente o encarceramento. Argumento que a Justiça Restaurativa pode ser expandida sem impactos adversos significativos no devido processo legal, equidade racial e proporcionalidade. Ao mesmo tempo, a ampla expansão da Justiça Restaurativa acarreta o comprometimento de algumas de suas características-chave. Sugiro que as desvantagens da expansão são significativas, mas superadas pelo imperativo moral de experimentar alternativas ao encarceramento em massa.

Bibliographies de l'auteur-e

Mayara Carvalho, Universidade Estácio de Sá

Doutora em Direito (UFMG). Mestre em Ciências Jurídicas (UFPB). Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Estácio de Sá. Facilitadora de justiça e práticas restaurativas e comunicação não-violenta. Fundadora do Instituto Pazes. Contato: mdecarvalho@live.com

Júlia Oliveira Muinhos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Bacharel em Direito pela UFMG. Facilitadora de Justiça Restaurativa.

Adriaan Lanni, Harvard University

Professora de Direito, Harvard Law School (Cátedra Touroff-Glueck ); Voluntária Coordenadora de Casos de Justiça Restaurativa com comunidades.

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Publié-e

2023-08-15 — Mis(e) à jour 2023-11-06

Comment citer

Carvalho, M. ., Oliveira Muinhos, J., & Lanni, A. (2023). LEVANDO A JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA A SÉRIO . Juris Poiesis - Qualis B1, 25(38). https://doi.org/10.5935/25.38.2022.11118